MUST
(S.B. p.p. 108-109 WB p.p. 104-106)
- The modal must expresses obligation or necessity. This modal must is an auxiliary verb that combines with the base form of the verb. It doesn't contract with subject pronouns.
You must eat less bread.
She must eat more lean meat.
He must eat fewer eggs.
MUSTN'T
(S.B. p.111 W.B.p.p 107-108)
(S.B. p.111 W.B.p.p 107-108)
- The affirmative forms of have to and must both express a strong obligation to do something. The negative form of have to expresses no obligation to do something.
He doesn´t have to stop eating cookies. (he can still east cookies)
- The negative form of must expresses the strong obligation not to do something. Must contracts with not.
Ex: I mustn't eat as much ice cream as I did before.
(I can't eat as much ice cream as I did before).
He mustn't eat as many cookies as he did before.
(He can't eat as many as he did before)
- Some verbs, such as stop, are commonly followed by gerunds. (see level 3 english blog ch. 7 verb + infinitive/gerund)
She doesn't have to stop eating butter?
Using Must in Present, Past, and Future
Most modal verbs behave quite irregularly in the past and the future. Study the chart below to learn how must behaves in different contexts.REMEMBER: Must not vs. Do not have to
Must not suggests that you are prohibited from doing something. "Do not have to" suggests that someone is not required to do something.
Examples:
- You must not eat that. It is forbidden, it is not allowed.
- You don't have to eat that. You can if you want to, but it is not necessary
LET'S DO SOME EXERCISES:http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal1.htm
LET'S PLAY A GAME CALLED "FOOD CONFESSIONS"
candy potatoes soda
fruit vegetables milk
french fries fatty meat salt
carrots fish pepper
rich desserts chocolate cake butter
apples and oranges pears and grapes margarine
salt chocolate cake cookies
pepper oranges yogurt
Confession (example): I always eat too much candy. My doctor says I must eat less candy and more fruit.
Note: You can use any other food item you wish!
MUST VS DON'T HAVE TO
- Have to and must are used to indicate a rule or an obligation. They have almost the same meaning.
- Have to is often used to indicate the obligation comes from outside.
- Must often shows an internal feeling,
- Don't have to and must not (mustn't) are very different.
Ex: You don't have to carry your umbrella when it rains.
(but you can if you want to)
Mustn't indicates prohibition, the existence of a rule saying don't.
Ex: You mustn't chew gum in class
(if you do there will be some consequence).
- Can shows permission, that something is possible or allowed.
Complete the following with have to, don’t have to or mustn't.
You _________________ have a licence to drive a car.
You _________________ have a licence to ride a bicycle.
You _________________ tip waiters and taxi drivers in Japan.
You _________________ wear shoes inside your house in Japan.
Students _______________ go to school on Saturday in Japan.
Students _______________ go to school on Saturday in England.
Foreigners ______________ carry an ID card in Japan.
Policemen ______________ wear a uniform.
Passengers ________________ smoke on the subway.
Gardeners _______________ wear ties.
LET'S DO SOME EXERCISES:
http://www.better-english.com/grammar/mustnt.htm
LET'S WATCH THIS VIDEO:
MUST VS. SHOULD
(SB p.112 WB p.109)
| |
| Ex: We should protect our environment. It makes good sense. | |
| We should select cars that are more fuel-efficient. | |
We should use re-usable bags when shopping.
The car industry must change engines that burn fossil fuels. EXERCISES: http://www.esl-classroom.com/grammar/shouldandmust1.html DO THESE EXERCISES |
